The postero-anterior-anterior-posterior (PA AP) muscle chain
Composition of the postero-anterior-anterior-posterior (PA AP) muscle chain:
The main chain has 4 muscle groups, each with a specific function:
- The Sentinel Group of the Vertical Axis:
- Deep posterior muscles of the spine:
- Multifids.
- Inter apophyseals.
- Interspinous.
- Neck rotators, thoracic multifidus.
- Anterior deep muscles of the spine :
- Prevertebrals.
- Long neck.
- Rectus abdominis.
- Small rectus anterior.
- Deep posterior muscles of the spine:
- The group of respiratory and pressor muscles are involved in respiratory function and influence circulation by modifying venous return:
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- Overcostals.
- External intercostals.
- Diaphragm.
- Transverse of the abdomen.
- Middle intercostals(PA AP, AL, AM)
- Internal intercostals (PA AP, AL)
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- The group of muscles adjusting and regulating the centers of gravity :
- In the frontal plane:
- In the 3 planes:
- Middle and posterior scalenes.
- Psoas.
- The group of relay muscles connects the group of respiratory muscles PA AP to the horizontal dynamic muscle chains. They also play the role of accessory respiratory muscles:
- The muscles of forced inspiration and stabilizers of the scapula which are also part of the PL chain:
- Levator scapulae.
- Rhomboid.
- Medium trapezium.
- The muscles of inspiration:
- Small posterior and superior serratus.
- Large serratus.
- The muscles of forced expiration which are also part of the AL chain :
- Small posterior and inferior serratus.
- Internal intercostals
- The muscles of forced inspiration and stabilizers of the scapula which are also part of the PL chain:
- The muscles connecting the main muscle chain to the secondary chains of the horizontal axis :
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- Iliac, towards the lower limb.
- Small pectoral, towards the upper limb.
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Secondary chains:
- Upper members :
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- Coraco-brachialis.
- Short portion of the biceps.
- Vastus medialis of the triceps brachii with its aponeurotic expansion towards the olecranon.
- Finger extensors.
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- Lower limbs :
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- Vastus medialis.
- Rectus femoral
- Toe extensors.
- Big toe extensor brevis.
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